Solar panel production in Kazakhstan based on developments from the Satbayev University Physics and Technology Institute
The Satbayev University subsidiary LLP "Physico-Technical Institute" serves as the key scientific partner in the development of domestic photovoltaic module production, implemented on the basis of the TGS-SOLAR plant in Almaty. The creation and launch of the enterprise in record time — in less than six months — became an example of effective cooperation between science, business, and the state, where the university plays a system-forming role in technology transfer and personnel training.
The production of solar panels is a high-tech and multi-stage process requiring precision, automation, and strict quality control at every stage. The plant has implemented a modern assembly line oriented toward producing up to 150 MW of output per year, with a gradual ramp-up to full capacity. Even at the initial stage, the enterprise demonstrates a high level of technological maturity and potential for scaling.
The process begins with the preparation of the laminate — the foundation of the future panel — which includes silicon cells hermetically sealed between layers of glass and polymer materials. Using manipulators and automated lines, trimming, cleaning, and visual integrity checks are carried out. This is followed by the assembly stage with an aluminum frame, where sealant is applied with high precision to ensure the strength and durability of the structure.
Particular attention is paid to the electrical component: the installation of junction boxes and soldering of contacts require a high level of operator skill, as the panel's functionality depends on the correctness of the connections. After sealing and exposure under special conditions simulating the material's "curing" process, each panel undergoes multi-level testing. Systems are used that record power output, cell integrity, and possible defects with micron-level precision.
The final stage includes marking, where each panel is assigned a unique code that makes it possible to trace its entire production history. This forms the basis for the transparency and quality of products meeting international standards. Finished panels are packaged in accordance with safety and transportation requirements, which is especially important for export and the scaling of supply.
The initiator of the plant's creation was the Physico-Technical Institute of Satbayev University, whose scientific and technical research results formed the basis for the panel production technology. The university provided not only scientific expertise but also the training of specialists who are engaged in real production processes while still in the course of their studies. This forms a sustainable "education — science — industry" model necessary for the country's technological sovereignty.
At the same time, the project raises important questions of localization. Today, a significant proportion of components, including silicon cells and specialized glass, is imported. However, work is already underway to develop Kazakhstani suppliers — from aluminum frames to cable products. This opens up prospects for forming a full-fledged industrial supply chain within the country.
The development of solar panel production is directly linked to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. First and foremost, the project contributes to SDG 7 "Affordable and Clean Energy" by supporting the development of renewable energy sources and reducing dependence on coal-based generation. Through the localization of production and the creation of new jobs, SDG 8 "Decent Work and Economic Growth" is advanced. The integration of scientific research and personnel training aligns with SDG 4 "Quality Education," as students and young professionals gain hands-on experience with cutting-edge technologies.
Furthermore, the introduction of energy-efficient solutions at the plant itself — including modern heating and automation systems — contributes to reducing the carbon footprint, which aligns with SDG 13 "Climate Action." Finally, cooperation with international technology partners and the development of the domestic industrial base reflect SDG 9 "Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure."
Thus, Satbayev University's participation in the development of solar panel production goes beyond the scope of a single project. It is a contribution to the formation of a new energy model for Kazakhstan, where science becomes the driver of industry and innovation becomes the foundation of the country's and region's sustainable development.