AR19679536 — Study of the properties of positrons generated by runaway electrons in fusion reactors with magnetic confinement

Objective of the project: The goal of this project is to conduct research into the properties of positrons generated by runaway electrons in magnetic confinement fusion reactors. The main objective of the project is to study the formation, dynamics and interaction of positrons in the reactor plasma, as well as to analyze their influence on the processes of thermonuclear fusion and plasma characteristics.

Relevance of the project: The relevance of the project to study the properties of positrons generated by runaway electrons in magnetic confinement fusion reactors is due to several key factors: Understanding the role of positrons in the plasma of magnetic confinement fusion reactors is important for improving the efficiency and stability of these reactors. The research will reveal the influence of positrons on the characteristics of plasma and the mechanisms of the thermonuclear fusion reaction. The study of the properties of positrons requires the development and improvement of methods for their diagnostics. This will allow the creation of new tools for observing and analyzing the processes occurring inside reactors, and will provide a deeper understanding of plasma physics. Positrons have potential for applications in medicine and industry. Understanding their properties and generation capabilities in thermonuclear reactors can contribute to the development of new technologies and devices based on the use of positrons. All these factors make the study of the properties of positrons in thermonuclear reactors with magnetic confinement a relevant and promising area of scientific research.

Scientific supervisor: Ph.D., Murat Dzhumagulov

Results obtained: Within the project, theoretical and numerical studies of particle kinetics and radiative processes in tokamak plasma were carried out, including electron–atom and positron–atom collisions. Momentum transfer cross sections and effective collision frequencies were calculated using the optical potential approach and phase-shift analysis. Synchrotron radiation spectra of positrons and their dependence on plasma parameters and particle distribution functions were investigated. The influence of non-Maxwellian distributions on diagnostic characteristics was analyzed along with relevant plasma conditions. Dust particle charging and its impact on edge plasma parameters and effective charge were also studied. The obtained results were compared with literature and experimental data and can be applied to improve plasma diagnostics and transport models.

List of publications with links to them

1. Мырзали М.А., Машеева Р.У., Джумагулов М.Н. Зарядка микрочастиц плазмы потоками электронов и ионов с каппа-распределением в столкновительном режиме // Recent Contributions to Physics. — 2024. — № 1(88). — С. 24–33. — URL: https://doi.org/10.26577/RCPh.2024v88i1a04
2. Myrzaly M., Masheyeva R., Dzhumagulova K., Jumagulov M. Charging of dusty plasma microparticles by ion and electron fluxes kappa distribution in collisional mode // Proceedings 50th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics. — Salamanca (Spain), July, 2024. — Vol. 48A. — P2.015. — URL: https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85212473108?origin=resultslist
3. Myrzaly M., Masheyeva R.U., Tian C., Vass M., Luo L.Y., Dzhumagulova K.N., Hartmann P., Schulze J., Donkó Z. Instabilities in O2 capacitively coupled radio-frequency plasmas // SICT 2024, PlasmaTech 2024 and Tribology 2024: Book of Abstracts. — Vienna (Austria), April, 2024. — P. 151.
4. Мырзәлі М.А., Машеева Р.У. Нестабильность в кислородно-емкостной радиочастотной плазме // Международная научная конференция студентов и молодых ученых «Фараби әлемі». — Алматы, 2024. — С. 362.
5. Ерланқызы А. Орта мектептегі механика тарауы бойынша компьютерлік зертханашы қолданудың тиімділігі // Студенттер мен жас ғалымдардың «Фараби әлемі» атты халықаралық ғылыми конференциясы. — Алматы, 2024. — С. 395.
6. Seitkozhanov Y.S., Shalenov E.O., Dzhumagulova K.N. Collisional dynamics in tokamak plasmas // International Congress on Plasma Physics. — Ghent (Belgium), September, 2024. — P. 138.
7. Myrzaly M., Masheyeva R., Zhumagulov M. Charging of dusty plasma microparticles by ion and electron fluxes kappa distribution in collisional mode // 50th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics. — Salamanca (Spain), July, 2024. — P2-015.
8. Seitkozhanov Y., Shalenov E., Dzhumagulov M. On collisional processes in a tokamak plasma // 15th International Symposium for Space Simulations (ISSS-15) and the 16th International Workshop on the Interrelationship between Plasma Experiments in the Laboratory and in Space (IPELS-16). — Garching (Germany), August, 2024. — URL: https://plan.events.mpg.de/event/152/contributions/821/
9. Seitkozhanov Y., Dzhumagulova K., Shalenov E., Jumagulov M. Collision frequency and energy transfer rate in e-He scattering // Applied Sciences. — 2025. — Vol. 15(1). — P. 227. — URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010227
10. Masheyeva R., Hartmann P., Luo L.-Y., Dzhumagulova K., Liu Y.-X., Schulze J., Donkó Z. On the in-situ determination of the effective secondary electron emission coefficient in low pressure capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges based on the electrical asymmetry effect // Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. — 2025. — Vol. 58(4). — P. 045208. — URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ad8bd5
11. Masheyeva R., Vass M., Myrzaly M., Tian Ch.-B., Dzhumagulova K., Schulze J., Donkó Z., Hartmann P. Experimental and numerical study of the ionization-attachment instability in an O2 capacitively coupled radio frequency plasma // Plasma Sources Science and Technology. — 2025. — Vol. 34(4). — P. 045017. — URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/adcb6b
12. Шаленов Е.О., Джумагулова К.Н., Ташкенбаев Е.А., Сейткожанов Е.С., Джумагулов М.Н. О взаимодействии позитронов с атомами водорода и гелия // Recent Contributions to Physics. — 2025. — № 1(92). — С. 76–83. — URL: https://doi.org/10.26577/RCPh20259218
13. Shalenov E.O., Seisembayeva M.M., Myrzaly M.A., Dzhumagulova K.N., Jumagulov M.N. Kappa Distribution's Influence on the Formation and Annihilation of Positrons in Fusion Plasmas // Pulsed Power & Plasma Science Conference (PPPS2025). — Berlin (Germany), June, 2025. — PO 4.24.
14. Мырзәлі М.А., Машеева Р.У. Расчет зарядки пылевых частиц в условиях плазмы токамака // Международная научная конференция студентов и молодых ученых «Фараби әлемі». — Алматы, 2025. — С. 366.