AP19679041 – Research and application of fiber-optic strain sensors for monitoring the stressed state of metal and concrete structures

The goal of the project is to develop a method for determining high-speed deformations of metal and concrete structures during various technological processes using the sensitive element of a fiber-optic sensor (FOS).

Relevance of the project: as you know, metal and concrete structures are one of the most common materials. In recent years, cases of emergency situations that are accompanied by intense artificial and natural shock and explosive impacts have become more frequent. Such phenomena are accompanied not only by material, but also by human losses. Therefore, already at the design stage of critical structures, it is necessary to take into account these dynamic impacts, which are characterized by continuous changes in parameters, high intensity and short duration. This requires not only knowledge of the mechanical properties of the materials used at high strain rates, but also their monitoring of deformation in the actual process of dynamic loading. In addition, high-speed deformation of metals is increasingly used in technology and production. This is explained by the fact that the loading rates of parts of existing and designed machines and mechanisms, and, accordingly, the metal during its processing, are very high, and information on the resistance of metals to deformation, ductility and impact strength in a wide range of deformation rates and temperatures necessary for calculations is limited there is not enough volume available. Characterized by high deformation rates, high pressures on the surfaces of the metal being processed and significant energies, high-speed deformation provides high productivity, makes it possible to manufacture products of significant sizes from durable and low-plasticity materials, and allows processing metal in a state of movement.

In this regard, the study of the behavior of modern structural and building materials under high-speed deformation and destruction is an extremely significant and urgent problem.

The research will result in optical methods for determining high-speed deformation of concrete and metal surfaces using optical Bragg gratings of an optical sensor, occurring within microseconds.

Scientific supervisor: Doctor PhD Professor Smailov Nurzhigit

Results obtained: Within the project (2023–2025), the development of fiber-optic strain sensors based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) for monitoring reinforced concrete structures was successfully completed. The proposed sensors demonstrated high accuracy, stability, and reliability, with a confirmed linear relationship between applied load and Bragg wavelength shift. The capability to capture dynamic and high-speed deformation processes, including early crack initiation detection, was experimentally validated. The developed technology enables a 25–30% reduction in operational costs while improving structural safety. The scientific and technical level meets international standards and offers advantages in simplicity and adaptability compared to existing solutions. The results have strong practical relevance and are recommended for implementation in structural health monitoring systems.

List of publications with links to them

1. Smailov N., Koshkinbayev S., Tashtay Y., Kuttybayeva A., Abdykadyrkyzy R., Arseniev D., Kiesewetter D., Krivosheev S., Magazinov S., Malyugin V., Sun C. Numerical simulation and measurement of deformation wave parameters by sensors of various types // Sensors. – 2023. – Vol. 23, No. 22. – Art. 9215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229215
2. Kiesewetter D., Krivosheev S., Magazinov S., Malyugin V., Smailov N., Koshkinbayev S. Application of fiber Bragg gratings for measuring the crack opening rate // Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Photonics (EExPolytech). – IEEE, 2023. – P. 374–376. URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10318546
3. Tashtai E., Smailov N., Koshkinbayev S., Sabibolda A. Investigation of the parameters of a fiber-optic strain sensor // Научные труды ВИИРЭиС. – 2023. – №3 (53). – С. 142–148.
4. Таштай Е., Смайлов Н.К., Көшкінбаев С.Ж., Сәбиболда Ә.М. Талшықты оптикалық деформация датчигінің параметрлерін оңтайландыру // Научные труды ВИИРЭиС. – 2023. – №3 (53). – С. 124–132.
5. Куттыбаева А.Е. Оптикалық байланыс жүйелері: монография. – Алматы: Satbayev University, 2023. – 156 с.
6. Smailov N., Zhadiger T., Tashtay Y., Abdykadyrov A., Amir A. Fiber laser-based two-wavelength sensors for detecting temperature and strain on concrete structures // International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies. – 2024. – Vol. 7, No. 4. – P. 1693–1710.
7. Smailov N., Koshkinbayev S., Aidana B., Kuttybayeva A., Tashtay Y., Aziskhan A., Arseniev D., Kiesewetter D., Krivosheev S., Magazinov S., Malyugin V., Sun C. Simulation and Measurement of Strain Waveform under Vibration Using Fiber Bragg Gratings // Sensors. – 2024. – Vol. 24, No. 19. – Art. 6194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196194
8. Kuttybayeva A., Sabibolda A., Kengesbayeva S., Baigulbayeva M., Amir A., Sekenov B. Investigation of a fiber optic laser sensor with grating resonator using mirrors // Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ElCon). – IEEE, 2024. – P. 709–711. URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10468264
9. Sekenov B., Smailov N., Tashtay Y., Amir A., Kuttybayeva A., Tolemanova A. Fiber-optic temperature sensors for monitoring the influence of the space environment on nanosatellites: a review // IFToMM Asian Conference on Mechanism and Machine Science. – Springer, 2024. – P. 371–380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67569-0_42
10. Смайлов Н.К., Куттыбаева А.Е., Толеманова А.О., Ысырайыл К., Секенов Б. Қала ғимараттарында талшықты-оптикалық сенсорларын зерттеу және модельдеу // Вестник КазАТК. – 2024. – Т. 133, №4. – С. 353–367. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52167/1609-1817-2024-133-4-353-367
11. Смайлов Н.К., Кошкинбаев С.Ж., Таштай Е., Жекамбаева М.Н., Әмір А.Ә. Анализ возможностей использования волоконно-оптических датчиков для диагностики состояния металлических и бетонных конструкций // Вестник Торайгыров университета. – 2024. – №3. – С. 295–309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48081/PWAG2791
12. Смайлов Н.К., Жәдігер Т.Ә., Әмір А.Ә., Изтелеуова Г.С. Акустикалық эмиссия сигналдарының көмегімен жүктеме кезінде талшықты бетонды арматураланған композиттердің сипаттамаларын зерттеу // РЭжБӘИИ ғылыми еңбектері. – 2024. – №1 (55). – С. 54–61.
13. Смайлов Н.К., Толеманова А.О., Куттыбаева А.Е., Таштай Е. Бетон конструкцияларының күйін бақылау үшін талшықты-оптикалық датчиктерді қолдану // РЭжБӘИИ ғылыми еңбектері. – 2024. – №2 (56). – С. 106–118.
14. Смайлов Н.К., Толеманова А.О., Куттыбаева А.Е., Таштай Е. Нақты уақыт режимінде қалалық құрылымдардың жай-күйін бақылау үшін талшықты-оптикалық қысым датчиктерін талдау // РЭжБӘИИ ғылыми еңбектері. – 2024. – №2 (56). – С. 172–185.
15. Smailov N., Tuleshov A., Sabibolda A., Mailybayev Y., Kashkimbayeva N., Kuttybayeva A., Yussupova G., Batyrgaliyev A., Sekenov B., Amir A. Determining the possibility of high-precision deformation measurement in building structures using fiber-optic methods // Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. – 2025. – Vol. 5, No. 5 (137). – P. 31–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2025.342161
16. Smailov N., Tolemanova A., Aziskhan A., Sekenov B., Sabibolda A. Implementation of fiber-optic sensing systems in structural health monitoring of concrete // Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska. – 2025. – Vol. 15, No. 3. – P. 73–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.760
17. Куттыбаева А.Е., Таштай Е., Абдыкадыркызы Р. Исследование параметров оптических систем // Вестник КазАТК. – 2025. – Т. 137, №2. – С. 221–228. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52167/1609-1817-2025-137-2-221-228
18. Сейтханова А.К., Көшкінбаев С.Ж., Смайлов Н.К., Кошкинбаева М.Ж., Дуйсенов Н.Ж. Өлшеу технологиясындағы оптикалық сенсорлар: деформация мен температураны бақылауға арналған қолданбалар // Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Physics. Astronomy Series. – 2025. – No. 150(1). – P. 127–139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/2616-6836-2025-150-1-127-139
19. Смайлов Н.К., Таштай Е., Куттыбаева А.Е., Сабиболда А.М., Секенов Б.Н., Амир А.А. Оптоволоконные датчики для измерения и мониторинга железобетонных конструкций: патент на полезную модель №69038. – Республика Казахстан.